Benazepril works by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE is a crucial enzyme in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
This inhibition prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, meaning it narrows blood vessels, increasing blood pressure. By blocking this conversion, benazepril lowers blood pressure.
Reduced angiotensin II also leads to decreased aldosterone release. Aldosterone causes sodium and water retention, further contributing to high blood pressure. Lower aldosterone levels promote sodium excretion and diuresis (increased urination), reducing fluid volume and blood pressure.
Finally, benazepril’s action on the RAAS also results in vasodilation–widening of blood vessels–improving blood flow and reducing the workload on the heart.
